Potassium

 Potassium-40 


Of the three typically happening potassium isotopes, simply 40K is shaky, having a half-presence of 1.3 × 109 y. It decays by beta-particle release to calcium-40 (89%) and by electron catch to argon-40 (11%) and produces 1.46-MeV gamma radiates after electron-get decay. Potassium-40 is accessible at 0.0117% by mass in customary potassium, therefore giving a specific activity of around 30 kBq/kg (800 pCi/g) of potassium. Agent assessments of the hard and fast potassium substance of rocks, as summarized in table 2.6, show a wide extent of characteristics, from 0.3% to 4.5% for various stone sorts. That identifies with a development center extent of 90 to 1,400 Bq/kg (2.5 to 37 pCi/g). A couple of basalts and sands are low in potassium, however shakes and various basalts are high. It has been evaluated that around 110 TBq (3,000 Ci) of 40K is added each year to the soils of the United States as fertilizer (Guimond 1978). Seawater contains 40K at around 11 kBq/m3 (300 pCi/L). Because of its general abundance and its excited beta-atom outpouring (1.3 MeV), 40K is the ruling radioactive portion in like way sustenances and human tissues. Perceive that the potassium substance of the body is under homeostatic control and is minimal influenced by environmental assortments. The part from 40K in the body is henceforth reasonably steady. A person who measures 70 kg contains around 140 g of potassium, most of which is in muscle. From the specific activity of potassium, it follows that the 40K substance of the human body is around 4 kBq (0.1 µCi). NCRP (1987a) has surveyed that this radionuclide passes on a yearly bit of 0.18 mSv (18 mrem) to the fragile tissues and 0.14 mSv (14 mrem) to bone. Regardless, Paschoa and others (1992) have investigated the customary dosimetry of 40K and diverse nuclides that decay by electron get considering the way that the intracellular part from Auger electrons, which have energies of a few thousand electron volts, has not been considered

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